"kratki e" meaning in Slovene

See kratki e in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /kràːtki èː/, /kràːtki éː/
Etymology: From kratek 'short', and e, a letter of Slovene alphabet. Head templates: {{sl-noun|krátki ẹ̄|m-in}} krátki ẹ̄ m inan Inflection templates: {{sl-decl-noun-table2|krátki ē|krátki ē|krátkega ē|krátkemu ē|krátkem ē|krátkim ē|krátka ē|krátka ē|krátkih ē|krátkima ē|krátkih ē|krátkima ē|krátki ē|krátke ē|krátkih ē|krátkim ē|krátkih ē|krátkimi ē|title=Masculine inan., no endings}}, {{sl-decl-noun-table2|krátki ē|krátki ē|krátkega ē-ja|krátkemu ē-ju|krátkem ē-ju|krátkim ē-jem|krátka ē-ja|krátka ē-ja|krátkih ē-jev|krátkima ē-jema|krátkih ē-jih|krátkima ē-jema|krátki ē-ji|krátke ē-je|krátkih ē-jev|krátkim ē-jem|krátkih ē-jih|krátkimi ē-ji|title=Masculine inan., soft o-stem}} Forms: krátki ẹ̄ [canonical, inanimate, masculine], no-table-tags [table-tags], krátki ē [nominative, singular], krátka ē [dual, nominative], krátki ē [nominative, plural], krátki ē [accusative, singular], krátka ē [accusative, dual], krátke ē [accusative, plural], krátkega ē [genitive, singular], krátkih ē [dual, genitive], krátkih ē [genitive, plural], krátkemu ē [dative, singular], krátkima ē [dative, dual], krátkim ē [dative, plural], krátkem ē [locative, singular], krátkih ē [dual, locative], krátkih ē [locative, plural], krátkim ē [instrumental, singular], krátkima ē [dual, instrumental], krátkimi ē [instrumental, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], krátki ē [nominative, singular], krátka ē-ja [dual, nominative], krátki ē-ji [nominative, plural], krátki ē [accusative, singular], krátka ē-ja [accusative, dual], krátke ē-je [accusative, plural], krátkega ē-ja [genitive, singular], krátkih ē-jev [dual, genitive], krátkih ē-jev [genitive, plural], krátkemu ē-ju [dative, singular], krátkima ē-jema [dative, dual], krátkim ē-jem [dative, plural], krátkem ē-ju [locative, singular], krátkih ē-jih [dual, locative], krátkih ē-jih [locative, plural], krátkim ē-jem [instrumental, singular], krátkima ē-jema [dual, instrumental], krátkimi ē-ji [instrumental, plural]
  1. (linguistics) The name of the letter È / è. Categories (topical): Linguistics Synonyms: kratko e [obsolete] Related terms: ozki e, široki e, polglasnik
    Sense id: en-kratki_e-sl-noun-uPBbEeej Categories (other): Pages using lite templates, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 47 53 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 48 52 Topics: human-sciences, linguistics, sciences
  2. (phonology) The name of the phoneme /ɛ/. Categories (topical): Phonology
    Sense id: en-kratki_e-sl-noun-h0wuxAe- Categories (other): Pages using lite templates, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Slovene entries with incorrect language header, Slovene masculine soft o-stem nouns with j-infix Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 47 53 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 48 52 Disambiguation of Slovene entries with incorrect language header: 43 57 Disambiguation of Slovene masculine soft o-stem nouns with j-infix: 40 60 Topics: human-sciences, linguistics, phonology, sciences
{
  "etymology_text": "From kratek 'short', and e, a letter of Slovene alphabet.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "krátki ẹ̄",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sl-decl-noun-table2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátki ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátka ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátki ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátki ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátka ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátke ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkega ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkih ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkih ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkemu ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkima ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkim ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkem ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkih ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkih ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkim ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkima ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkimi ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sl-decl-noun-table2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "soft o-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátki ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátka ē-ja",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátki ē-ji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátki ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátka ē-ja",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátke ē-je",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkega ē-ja",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkih ē-jev",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkih ē-jev",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkemu ē-ju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkima ē-jema",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkim ē-jem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkem ē-ju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkih ē-jih",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkih ē-jih",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkim ē-jem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkima ē-jema",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkimi ē-ji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "krátki ẹ̄",
        "2": "m-in"
      },
      "expansion": "krátki ẹ̄ m inan",
      "name": "sl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "krátki ē",
        "10": "krátkima ē",
        "11": "krátkih ē",
        "12": "krátkima ē",
        "13": "krátki ē",
        "14": "krátke ē",
        "15": "krátkih ē",
        "16": "krátkim ē",
        "17": "krátkih ē",
        "18": "krátkimi ē",
        "2": "krátki ē",
        "3": "krátkega ē",
        "4": "krátkemu ē",
        "5": "krátkem ē",
        "6": "krátkim ē",
        "7": "krátka ē",
        "8": "krátka ē",
        "9": "krátkih ē",
        "title": "Masculine inan., no endings"
      },
      "name": "sl-decl-noun-table2"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "krátki ē",
        "10": "krátkima ē-jema",
        "11": "krátkih ē-jih",
        "12": "krátkima ē-jema",
        "13": "krátki ē-ji",
        "14": "krátke ē-je",
        "15": "krátkih ē-jev",
        "16": "krátkim ē-jem",
        "17": "krátkih ē-jih",
        "18": "krátkimi ē-ji",
        "2": "krátki ē",
        "3": "krátkega ē-ja",
        "4": "krátkemu ē-ju",
        "5": "krátkem ē-ju",
        "6": "krátkim ē-jem",
        "7": "krátka ē-ja",
        "8": "krátka ē-ja",
        "9": "krátkih ē-jev",
        "title": "Masculine inan., soft o-stem"
      },
      "name": "sl-decl-noun-table2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Slovene",
  "lang_code": "sl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using lite templates",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "sl",
          "name": "Linguistics",
          "orig": "sl:Linguistics",
          "parents": [
            "Language",
            "Social sciences",
            "Communication",
            "Sciences",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The name of the letter È / è."
      ],
      "id": "en-kratki_e-sl-noun-uPBbEeej",
      "links": [
        [
          "linguistics",
          "linguistics"
        ],
        [
          "È",
          "E#Slovene"
        ],
        [
          "è",
          "e#Slovene"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(linguistics) The name of the letter È / è."
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "word": "ozki e"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "word": "široki e"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "word": "polglasnik"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "tags": [
            "obsolete"
          ],
          "word": "kratko e"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using lite templates",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "sl",
          "name": "Phonology",
          "orig": "sl:Phonology",
          "parents": [
            "Linguistics",
            "Language",
            "Social sciences",
            "Communication",
            "Sciences",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "43 57",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Slovene entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "40 60",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Slovene masculine soft o-stem nouns with j-infix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The name of the phoneme /ɛ/."
      ],
      "id": "en-kratki_e-sl-noun-h0wuxAe-",
      "links": [
        [
          "phonology",
          "phonology"
        ],
        [
          "phoneme",
          "phoneme"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(phonology) The name of the phoneme /ɛ/."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "phonology",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kràːtki èː/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kràːtki éː/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kratki e"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Slovene entries with incorrect language header",
    "Slovene inanimate nouns",
    "Slovene lemmas",
    "Slovene masculine inanimate nouns",
    "Slovene masculine nouns",
    "Slovene masculine soft o-stem nouns with j-infix",
    "Slovene multiword terms",
    "Slovene nouns",
    "Slovene terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From kratek 'short', and e, a letter of Slovene alphabet.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "krátki ẹ̄",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sl-decl-noun-table2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátki ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátka ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátki ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátki ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátka ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátke ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkega ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkih ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkih ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkemu ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkima ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkim ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkem ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkih ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkih ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkim ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkima ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkimi ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sl-decl-noun-table2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "soft o-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátki ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátka ē-ja",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátki ē-ji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátki ē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátka ē-ja",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátke ē-je",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkega ē-ja",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkih ē-jev",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkih ē-jev",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkemu ē-ju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkima ē-jema",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkim ē-jem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkem ē-ju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkih ē-jih",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkih ē-jih",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkim ē-jem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkima ē-jema",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krátkimi ē-ji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "krátki ẹ̄",
        "2": "m-in"
      },
      "expansion": "krátki ẹ̄ m inan",
      "name": "sl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "krátki ē",
        "10": "krátkima ē",
        "11": "krátkih ē",
        "12": "krátkima ē",
        "13": "krátki ē",
        "14": "krátke ē",
        "15": "krátkih ē",
        "16": "krátkim ē",
        "17": "krátkih ē",
        "18": "krátkimi ē",
        "2": "krátki ē",
        "3": "krátkega ē",
        "4": "krátkemu ē",
        "5": "krátkem ē",
        "6": "krátkim ē",
        "7": "krátka ē",
        "8": "krátka ē",
        "9": "krátkih ē",
        "title": "Masculine inan., no endings"
      },
      "name": "sl-decl-noun-table2"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "krátki ē",
        "10": "krátkima ē-jema",
        "11": "krátkih ē-jih",
        "12": "krátkima ē-jema",
        "13": "krátki ē-ji",
        "14": "krátke ē-je",
        "15": "krátkih ē-jev",
        "16": "krátkim ē-jem",
        "17": "krátkih ē-jih",
        "18": "krátkimi ē-ji",
        "2": "krátki ē",
        "3": "krátkega ē-ja",
        "4": "krátkemu ē-ju",
        "5": "krátkem ē-ju",
        "6": "krátkim ē-jem",
        "7": "krátka ē-ja",
        "8": "krátka ē-ja",
        "9": "krátkih ē-jev",
        "title": "Masculine inan., soft o-stem"
      },
      "name": "sl-decl-noun-table2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Slovene",
  "lang_code": "sl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "ozki e"
    },
    {
      "word": "široki e"
    },
    {
      "word": "polglasnik"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages using lite templates",
        "sl:Linguistics"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The name of the letter È / è."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "linguistics",
          "linguistics"
        ],
        [
          "È",
          "E#Slovene"
        ],
        [
          "è",
          "e#Slovene"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(linguistics) The name of the letter È / è."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages using lite templates",
        "sl:Phonology"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The name of the phoneme /ɛ/."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "phonology",
          "phonology"
        ],
        [
          "phoneme",
          "phoneme"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(phonology) The name of the phoneme /ɛ/."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "phonology",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kràːtki èː/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kràːtki éː/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "kratko e"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kratki e"
}

Download raw JSONL data for kratki e meaning in Slovene (5.9kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Slovene dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.